Frequently Asked Questions
Throughout Delta Golf's restoration, visitors to the museum asked a wide variety of questions about the aircraft and the restoration project. Below is a selection of some of those questions. If you have a question that doesn't appear here, please feel free to send me an email using the link on the 'About' page.
Question 1: Why is the Brooklands Concorde known as Delta Golf?
This is taken from the last two letters of her registration 'G‑BBDG'. The letters 'DG' are known as Delta Golf in the Phonetic Alphabet.
Question 2: When was Delta Golf built?
Construction of the various sections of the airframe began at Weybridge and Toulouse in 1970. Final assembly of DG started at the end of 1971 at Filton in Bristol and the fitting out of the aircraft's systems continued through 1972 and early 1973. The completed aircraft was officially registered as G‑BBDG and rolled out at the end of 1973.
Question 5: How many flying hours did Delta Golf accumulate?
1282 hours during 633 flights. Of those, 514 hours were supersonic.
Question 6: Will Delta Golf ever fly again?
Unfortunately this would never be possible. A feasability study was undertaken by British Airways in the early 1990s to evaluate the possibility of returning DG to flying condition and refitting her for airline service, but this was determined to be far too costly. This decision ultimately meant that Delta Golf would spend the rest of her days on the ground. In addition to this, cutting the airframe up for the move to Brooklands in 2004 meant that she could never be recertified for flight. Apart from the structural implications, when Delta Golf was cut up, most of the hydraulic and fuel lines were cut through - as was much of the electrical wiring.
Question 7: Why was Delta Golf cut up?
After her final flight, DG spent 20 or so years in storage at Filton near Bristol where she was used extensively as a source of spare parts and was essentially stripped to an empty shell. Obviously she was therefore no longer airworthy and so moving her to Brooklands had to be done by road. The Highways Agency has regulations on the maximum size for any load being transported on British roads, and to comply with these, the only option was to cut DG into five sections.
Even if this had not been the case, the aircraft would not have fitted along some of the narrow roads at either end of the journey from Filton to Brooklands if she had been left in one piece. In an ideal world nobody would choose to cut up a Concorde, but it is very likely that had DG had not moved to Brooklands, she would very probably have been scrapped.
Question 8: How long did the restoration take?
The main structural rebuild work and restoration took just over two years to complete. This was followed by several years of less intense work to produce the exhibit you now see at the museum today.
Question 9: Who carried out the restoration work?
The main structural rebuild work was carried out by Air Salvage International, who specialise in aircraft salvage and recovery. The restoration work was done by a large team of volunteers. This work included cleaning, sanding, painting, wiring, re-fitting the smaller structural pieces, fitting out the aircraft interior and the repair and manufacture of damaged or missing components.
Question 10: Did Delta Golf ever go into commercial airline service?
No, as Delta Golf was a test and development aircraft. Along with French Concorde 'F-WTSB', Delta Golf carried out the bulk of the flying that allowed the final certification of Concorde for airline service. She was also used extensively for BA crew training.
Question 11: Why is Delta Golf painted in the old British Airways livery?
Although she never flew commercially with BA, Delta Golf was used as a promotional tool for the airline and was therefore painted in their livery. The BA livery was removed when DG was retired at Filton in the early 80s but she now again proudly wears the original British Airways Union Jack livery (also known as the Negus & Negus livery), as seen here, that she wore during most of her operational life.
Question 12: When did Delta Golf first open to visitors?
Delta Golf was opened to the public by HRH Prince Michael of Kent on 26th July 2006.
Question 13: Why is Delta Golf not full of passenger seats?
DG was never fitted with a full compliment of 100 seats like the fleet aircraft were. During the flight test programme the forward cabin was full of test equipment and only the rear cabin had passenger seats. At Brooklands the forward cabin has been fitted with 40 original Concorde seats. The rear cabin now houses an exhibition that details Delta Golf's history and her restoration. Some of her original test equipment is on display in the mid-cabin.
Question 14: Why does Delta Golf not have engines fitted?
DG's engines were removed in the 1980s and put back into British Airways engine pool for use on the rest of the fleet. The structural rejoin of her wings at Brooklands was specifically designed to not include the need to support the considerable weight of four Olympus 593 engines (over 3 tons each). However, an engine is on display underneath the aircraft.
Question 15: Will it be possible for the droop nose to be moved up and down?
Delta Golf's hydraulic systems had long been incomplete and inoperative when she arrived at Brooklands so the nose and visor were initially fixed in the up position. However, between 2014 and 2016 the volunteer team re-engineered/recommissioned the nose and visor mechanism and they are lowered during demonstrations for special events at the museum.
Question 16: Where will Delta Golf be exhibited?
Delta Golf was initially located between the Stratosphere Chamber and the Acoustics building and this is where the bulk of the rebuild and restoration was carried out. In May 2011 she was moved from that location and now sits on a new tarmac area in front of the VC10 in the aircraft park (see photo)
Question 17: In old photos of Delta Golf, what were the black squares on the side of the fuselage for?
These were calibration markings that were used to help cameras track the aircraft in flight during the flight test programme of the 1970s. It was decided during the restoration at Brooklands that the squares would not be re-applied to Delta Golf.
Question 18: Where did Brooklands acquire all the parts needed to re-assemble the aircraft?
Fortunately, virtually all of the original parts and components that were removed from Delta Golf during the 80s and 90s were either found or alternatives located during the course of the restoration. Many of these came from British Airways spares at Heathrow and were donated to the museum by the airline when they stopped Concorde operations in October 2003.
Question 19: How is Delta Golf looked after at Brooklands?
This is an ongoing effort primarily carried out by museum volunteers, many of whom worked on the restoration. Maintenance and repairs are carried out on a regular basis and the aircraft is cleaned regularly, both to keep her looking as good as possible, and to help keep the paintwork in good condition.
Question 20: What is the device on the underside of Delta Golf's wing that looks like a small propeller?!
This is the ram air turbine, also known as a 'RAT' (click here for a photo). This is a device used for generating emergency power for vital systems (flight controls, linked hydraulics and also flight-critical instrumentation). In the event of total engine failure during flight - something that never happened to Concorde! - the RAT would deploy automatically and the blades would spin in the airflow. The device is certainly not unique to Concorde. Indeed, most large aircraft have a ram air turbine.
To have Delta Golf taken apart at Filton, transported to Brooklands and then re-assembled again and restored to its present condition cost the museum in the order of £500,000 - a very considerable sum for such a small organisation. It was a comparative risk for the museum to take but is one that is proving its worth with the numbers of visitors coming to the museum to see the aircraft. It is essential for the continued success of the museum that they earn back some of the money invested in Delta Golf and is hence why they charge a small extra fee on top of museum entry for entry to the aircraft. It also helps pay for on-going maintenance.
Question 22: Finally, THE question - will any of the remaining Concordes ever fly again?
It is extremely unlikely that a Concorde will ever fly again. This is due to many factors:
Of the flight crews that flew the aircraft, all are now retired. There are also no facilities available to train new pilots (i.e. a CAA approved simulator).
All spare parts were either scrapped or auctioned off when Concorde retired. Those that were auctioned off are no longer deemed to be airworthy since leaving the strict control of British Airways' and Air France's bonded stores and therefore could not be used. In addition, much of the infrastructure needed to make spares has long gone and many of the hundreds of OEMs (original equipment manufacturers) that manufactured those parts and have design authority over them no longer exist.
The facilities and equipment for servicing and repairing all parts of Concorde's airframe, engines and systems no longer exist.
There are no longer any licensed engineers who would be able to a) return a Concorde to airworthy condition, or b) service/maintain the aircraft to keep it airworthy. This is because all the engineers who worked on Concorde over the years either re-trained on other aircraft types, or they have retired. Either way, their licences expired a short time after Concorde's retirement.
It's been more than 20 years since any Concorde last flew. Of the surviving airframes, none are in flying condition anymore. At the time of Concorde's retirement in 2003, some of them were approaching major scheduled servicing and this would have to be carried out before the aircraft would be allowed fly again. However, such work would no longer be possible because of the factors outlined in the previous 3 paragraphs. It is also extremely unlikely that any of the museums who have a Concorde would be willing to give up their prize exhibit.
It could be asked, if there are many older aircraft types still flying today, why couldn't Concorde? Simply put, Concorde is an order of magnitude more complex both to maintain and to operate than aircraft such as a Spitfire, Lancaster or even a Vulcan which are all very basic in comparison. Concorde has many computer controlled systems and sensors that mean, unlike most heritage aircraft, it would be impossible for it to be maintained, operated and kept airworthy by a handful of enthusiasts with basic facilities.
Several years ago it was reported that one of the Air France Concordes was being kept "serviceable". Unfortunately the word serviceable can be rather misleading. In this instance it simply meant that volunteers at the museum in question had been maintaining some of the electrical and hydraulic systems to an extent that allowed them to connect ground-power from the museum to the aircraft. This allowed them do things like power up the cockpit instruments and move the droop nose up and down occasionally for museum visitors. Sadly, this is no longer the case and besides, like all other remaining fleet Concordes, the aircraft in question in France hasn't flown since 2003 and in reality is very far from being in a position to do so.
It could be argued that many of the issues listed above could be solved by money. However, how much money? For a while some people closely involved with Concorde had been quoted saying that £10-£15 million should be sufficient. This may well have been the case in 2003, but a long time has passed since the last flight and now that the Concorde support chain has been disbanded and the spares holding disposed of, the amount needed would be astronomical - likely over £100 million.
In today's climate, spending such a vast amount of money would be totally unjustifiable just to get one aircraft airworthy for a handful of air shows a year - even if it is Concorde! It is also necessary to bear in mind that the figures mentioned above just relate to the money needed to get a Concorde back into airworthy condition. The costs of on-going service/maintenance and flight operations would all be in addition to this.
Concorde's Certificate of Airworthiness was withdrawn by the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) soon after its final flight in 2003. This is a document issued by the CAA and is a legal requirement for all civilian aircraft types before they are allowed to fly. For there to be any hope of Concorde's certificate being re-instated, it would be essential to have the support of the manufacturer. Unfortunately, Concorde does not (see the following paragraph).
Concorde was jointly manufactured by the British Aircraft Corporation of the UK and Aerospatialé of France, who both later became part of the Airbus consortium. Unfortunately, Airbus have repeatedly stated over the years that they have no interest in participating in returning Concorde to the skies. Airbus was the key supplier in the Concorde operation. Not only did it build Concorde, it specified and controlled the maintenance programme and was the end supplier of the parts that made it fly. Without their support, it doesn't make any difference how much money is made available - the whole idea literally is a non-starter.
The sad truth is that you will now almost certainly only ever be able to enjoy Concorde in a museum. The 'virtual' flight experiences on G‑BBDG or in the simulator at Brooklands are likely the closest you'll get!